作 者：邵佳妮        所屬工作機(jī)構(gòu)：        摘 自：睿保網(wǎng)

During the winter holidays this year, as an English major, I was fortunate enough to come into contact with the insurance industry and in just a few days I went from having a superficial and one-sided awareness of insurance to having a preliminary general understanding. The use of the word ‘insurance’ can be traced back to the 16th and 17th centuries and evolved from the word ‘ensurance’, meaning security against loss or death in exchange for payment. Combined with the origins of the term, insurance, from my perspective, is a guarantee of social production and economic development, a product of human beings' focus on their own values and their pursuit of actual material and wealth. At that time, capitalism was beginning to develop and people were not restricted to religious and theological rules and regulations. The results of the Age of Exploration led people to look to seafaring for wealth, but the relatively poor technology and unpredictable climate did not guarantee the safety of voyages, and the concept of insurance was developed in order to avoid huge loss; After the Great Fire of London in the mid-seventeenth century, which caused serious damage to the property of many inhabitants, the concept of insurance began to take hold; The development of the industrial revolution and then the expansion of capitalism abroad, mass production, import and export trade and warfare made insurance become increasingly important and the insurance industry became increasingly more mature.

On Thursday morning, I went to China Health Connect to see some of the most representative policies in our country's collection and to get a glimpse of the history of the insurance industry in China. Since the opening of the port, foreign merchants came to China and insurance was introduced. Combining with the staff's explanations and the history we have learnt, we can see that insurance policies in China started out as protection for foreigners who came to China to do business and for the wealthy; ordinary people could not yet afford the relatively expensive insurance premiums, so insurance policies from the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China were generally written in English. Most of them were beautifully designed, covering sections such as the main policy content and endorsement. Each policy was accompanied by a concise textual description at the bottom, for example, one of the earliest policies I have seen is a transport insurance policy from the Yang-tsze Insurance Association Limited in 1898, which dealt mainly with water and fire, accident and transport insurance. The two insurance policies that impressed me during the visit were a fire insurance policy of Taiping Insurance Co. in 1938 and a simple life insurance policy in 1943. Taiping Insurance Company was founded in 1929 by the Golden City Bank. It was the predecessor of the present-day China Taiping Insurance Group Co. The founder, Mr. Zhou Zuomin, was a very influential national financier and an important figure in the development of the insurance industry in China. The 1943 simple life insurance policy was as simple and small as the name suggests, and although it was not as detailed as the previous foreign policies, its function seems to me to reflect the development of the insurance industry and the promotion of its popularity. The simple life insurance policy was inexpensive, making it affordable for more people, and the payment mechanism was reasonable and humanistic, as it was not a one-off payment, but a monthly or time-specific payment, and there were also features such as no medical examinations and home visits. I was able to appreciate the importance of insurance and its necessity during my conversations with the staff. For example, the staff mentioned that one of their clients invests up to $20,000 a year in health insurance, which may seem unnecessary to us, but in the long run, due to the client's age and the pandemic, he will be able to use the money invested to receive the best treatment and he could even travel abroad to be treated in developed countries freely if he falls ill. Therefore, the decision would be beneficial to him. Another example is the earthquake in Turkey just a few days ago, where a large number of houses collapsed causing serious damage, and then insurance can be very useful for a part of the damage to persons and property.

I have benefited a lot from the week-long ‘insurance trip’. From the origins to the development and spread of insurance culture, from the perspective of a liberal arts student, insurance is not only a reliable guarantee and pillar for the development of the financial industry and social production, but also, to some extent, a booster for the mutual exchange and absorption of different cultures, and that is why China's insurance industry has been able to flourish in just two centuries.

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淺談對保險(xiǎn)文化的認(rèn)識

今年寒假，作為一名英語專業(yè)的學(xué)生，我有幸接觸到保險(xiǎn)行業(yè)，短短幾天內(nèi)從之前對保險(xiǎn)淺顯片面的認(rèn)知到了有了初步大致的了解。“保險(xiǎn)”一詞的使用最早可以追溯到十六、十七世紀(jì)，演變自單詞“ensurance”，意思是以損失或死亡的擔(dān)保來換取付款。結(jié)合這一詞的起源，保險(xiǎn)，在我看來，是社會生產(chǎn)和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的保障，是人類注重自身價(jià)值、追求實(shí)際物質(zhì)和財(cái)富的產(chǎn)物。在那個(gè)時(shí)期，資本主義已經(jīng)開始萌芽發(fā)展，人們不在被束縛在宗教神學(xué)的條條框框中。新航路開辟的成果使得人們將賺錢的目光投射于航海活動，但相對落后的技術(shù)和變幻莫測的大海和氣候并不能保證遠(yuǎn)航的安全，為了避免“人財(cái)兩空”，就產(chǎn)生了保險(xiǎn)這一概念；十七世紀(jì)中葉的倫敦大火造成許多居民的財(cái)產(chǎn)損失嚴(yán)重，此后保險(xiǎn)的概念便開始深入人心；之后工業(yè)革命的開展再到資本主義向外擴(kuò)張，大量的生產(chǎn)、進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易以及戰(zhàn)爭越來越能保險(xiǎn)的重要性，保險(xiǎn)行業(yè)的發(fā)展也越來越成熟。

就在周四上午，我前往到上海商保通健康科技有限公司，參觀了我國珍藏的部分極具代表性的保單，領(lǐng)略了中國保險(xiǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展歷史。自開埠以來，外國商民們紛至沓來，保險(xiǎn)也隨之引進(jìn)中國。結(jié)合工作人員的講解以及所學(xué)的歷史知識，我們可知保險(xiǎn)在中國最開始是為來中國做生意的外國人和富人提供保障，普通百姓還負(fù)擔(dān)不起相對昂貴的保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)，因此清朝至民國的保險(xiǎn)單一般都用英語撰寫。它們大多設(shè)計(jì)精美，涵蓋主保內(nèi)容、批單等部分；每份保單下方都配有精簡的文字?jǐn)⑹觯缥宜娮钤绲囊环荼问?/span>1898年揚(yáng)子保險(xiǎn)公司的運(yùn)輸險(xiǎn)保單，主要經(jīng)營水火險(xiǎn)、意外險(xiǎn)、運(yùn)輸險(xiǎn)等。在參觀過程中，令我印象較深的兩份保單分別是1938年太平保險(xiǎn)公司的火險(xiǎn)保單和1943年的簡易人壽保險(xiǎn)單。太平保險(xiǎn)公司有金城銀行創(chuàng)辦于1929年，是現(xiàn)如今中國太平保險(xiǎn)集團(tuán)有限責(zé)任公司的前身，創(chuàng)始人周作民先生是我國非常具有影響力的民族金融家，是推動我國保險(xiǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的重要人物。1943年的簡易人壽保險(xiǎn)單的樣式正如其名，簡易小巧，雖然沒有之前外文保單那樣精美詳細(xì)，但其作用功能在我看來體現(xiàn)了保險(xiǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展和推動保險(xiǎn)業(yè)普及的一面。簡易人壽保險(xiǎn)價(jià)格低廉，能夠使得更多人買得起保險(xiǎn)，且繳費(fèi)機(jī)制比較合理且人性化，并不是一次性支付，按月或是特定時(shí)間交一部分即可，此外還有免驗(yàn)身體、上門收費(fèi)等特點(diǎn)。在和工作人員的交流中，我更加能夠體會到保險(xiǎn)的重要性及必要性。例如工作人員提及到他們的一個(gè)客戶每年都會投入高達(dá)兩萬的費(fèi)用于醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)，在我們看來這可能是“多此一舉”的，但從長期來看由于這名客戶年齡較大，再加之這幾年新冠疫情的肆虐，如果患上疾病，他就能拿投入的錢去接受非常好的治療，甚至可以出國去發(fā)達(dá)國家看病，這樣的決策對他來說是百利無害的。再比如前兩天的土耳其地震，大量房屋倒塌造成嚴(yán)重的損失，那么這時(shí)候保險(xiǎn)對于人身、財(cái)產(chǎn)等一部分的損害就會起到很大的作用。

為期一周的“保險(xiǎn)之旅”使我受益頗多，從保險(xiǎn)文化的起源到發(fā)展傳播，從一名文科生的視角來看，保險(xiǎn)不僅是金融業(yè)發(fā)展和社會生產(chǎn)的可靠保障與支柱，某種程度上來說，更是不同文化相互交流、吸收的助推器，這也就是中國保險(xiǎn)業(yè)在短短兩百年中能夠蓬勃發(fā)展的原因。

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